Saturday, November 19, 2022

Keeping a Journal, by William Stafford

At night it was easy for me with my little candle
to sit late recording what happened that day. Sometimes
rain breathing in from the dark would begin softly
across the roof and then drum wildly for attention.
The candle flame would hunger after each wafting 
of air. My pen inscribed thin shadows that leaned
forward and hurried their lines along the wall. 

More important than what was recorded, these evenings
deepened my life: they framed every event
or thought and placed it with care by the others.
As time went on, that scribbled wall -- even if 
it stayed blank -- became where everything 
recognized itself and passed into meaning.

Sunday, November 13, 2022

Kurt Vonnegut: How to Write with Style

1.     Find a Subject You Care About.


Find a subject you care about and which you in your heart feel others should care about. It is this genuine caring, and not your games with language, which will be the most compelling and seductive element in your style.


I am not urging you to write a novel, by the way — although I would not be sorry if you wrote one, provided you genuinely cared about something. A petition to the mayor about a pothole in front of your house or a love letter to the girl next door will do.


2.     Do Not Ramble, Though.


I won’t ramble on about that.


3.     Keep It Simple.


As for your use of language: Remember that two great masters of language, William Shakespeare and James Joyce, wrote sentences which were almost childlike when their subjects were most profound. ‘To be or not to be?’ asks Shakespeare’s Hamlet. The longest word is three letters long. Joyce, when he was frisky, could put together a sentence as intricate and as glittering as a necklace for Cleopatra, but my favorite sentence in his short story ‘Eveline’ is just this one: ‘She was tired.’ At that point in the story, no other words could break the heart of a reader as those three words do.


Simplicity of language is not only reputable, but perhaps even sacred. The Bible opens with a sentence well within the writing skills of a lively fourteen-year-old: ‘In the beginning God created the heaven and earth.


4.     Have the Guts to Cut.


It may be that you, too, are capable of making necklaces for Cleopatra, so to speak. But your eloquence should be the servant of the ideas in your head. Your rule might be this: If a sentence, no matter how excellent, does not illuminate your subject in some new and useful way, scratch it out.


5.     Sound Like Yourself.


The writing style which is most natural for you is bound to echo the speech you heard when a child. English was the novelist Joseph Conrad’s third language, and much that seems piquant in his use of English was no doubt colored by his first language, which was Polish. And lucky indeed is the writer who has grown up in Ireland, for the English spoken there is so amusing and musical. I myself grew up in Indianapolis, where common speech sounds like a band saw cutting galvanized tin, and employs a vocabulary as unornamental as a monkey wrench.


[…]


I myself find that I trust my own writing most, and others seem to trust it most, too, when I sound most like a person from Indianapolis, which is what I am. What alternatives do I have? The one most vehemently recommended by teachers has no doubt been pressed on you, as well: to write like cultivated Englishmen of a century or more ago.


6.     Say What You Mean to Say.


I used to be exasperated by such teachers, but am no more. I understand now that all those antique essays and stories with which I was to compare my own work were not magnificent for their datedness or foreignness, but for saying precisely what their authors meant them to say. My teachers wished me to write accurately, always selecting the most effective words, and relating the words to one another unambiguously, rigidly, like parts of a machine. The teachers did not want to turn me into an Englishman after all. They hoped that I would become understandable — and therefore understood. And there went my dream of doing with words what Pablo Picasso did with paint or what any number of jazz idols did with music. If I broke all the rules of punctuation, had words mean whatever I wanted them to mean, and strung them together higgledly-piggledy, I would simply not be understood. So you, too, had better avoid Picasso-style or jazz-style writing if you have something worth saying and wish to be understood.


Readers want our pages to look very much like pages they have seen before. Why? This is because they themselves have a tough job to do, and they need all the help they can get from us.


7.     Pity the Readers.


Readers have to identify thousands of little marks on paper, and make sense of them immediately. They have to read, an art so difficult that most people don’t really master it even after having studied it all through grade school and high school — twelve long years.


So this discussion must finally acknowledge that our stylistic options as writers are neither numerous nor glamorous, since our readers are bound to be such imperfect artists. Our audience requires us to be sympathetic and patient teachers, ever willing to simplify and clarify, whereas we would rather soar high above the crowd, singing like nightingales.


That is the bad news. The good news is that we Americans are governed under a unique constitution, which allows us to write whatever we please without fear of punishment. So the most meaningful aspect of our styles, which is what we choose to write about, is utterly unlimited.


8.     For Really Detailed Advice


For a discussion of literary style in a narrower sense, a more technical sense, I commend to your attention The Elements of Style, by Strunk, Jr., and E. B. White. E. B. White is, of course, one of the most admirable literary stylists this country has so far produced. You should realize, too, that no one would care how well or badly Mr. White expressed himself if he did not have perfectly enchanting things to say.



Sunday, December 5, 2021

Point no point

Point No Point, BC
There are many things that must be locked away from the room where we write. ... [C]hief among them is a point to be made -- even when that point has kept us up all night, fired our emotions, made us both angry and sad, indignant and afraid.

"Remember," Flannery O'Connor said, 

that you don't write a story because you have an idea but because you have a believable character. ... When you have a character he will create his own situation and his situation will suggest some kind of resolution as you get into it. Wouldn't it be better for you to discover a meaning in what you write than to impose one? Nothing you write will lack meaning, because the meaning is in you.

"Writing fiction," Eudora Welty wrote,

places the novelist and the crusader on opposite sides. ... We cannot in fiction set people to acting mechanically or carrying placards to make their sentiments plain. People are not Right and Wrong, Good and Bad, Black and White personified; flesh and blood and the sense of comedy object.

-- Alice McDermott, What About the Baby? Some Thoughts on the Art of Fiction 

 

Monday, May 17, 2021

The heart of the story

 So, one way to approach a story -- to evaluate how good it is, how graceful and efficient -- is to ask, "What is the heart of you, dear story?" (Or, channeling Dr. Seuss, "Why are you bothering telling me this?")

That is: "When all is said and done, what do you claim to live by, story? I need to know this so that I can see how well your non-normative aspects are serving the heart of you."

-- George Saunders, "The Heart of the Story," from A Swim in the Pond in the Rain

Thursday, June 25, 2020

Suspense isn't just for suspense writers.

To build suspense, create obstacles and develop them vertically, not horizontally. -- Nora Gaskin, author, editor, publisher

Philippe Petit, 1974

Tuesday, July 23, 2019

You are not behind.

Compare yourself to yourself yesterday, not to younger people who aren't you. Everyone progresses at a different rate, so don't let anyone else make you feel behind. You probably don't know exactly where you're going, so feeling behind doesn't help. Instead, start planning experiments. As Supreme Court justice Oliver Wendell Holmes wrote a century ago, "All life is an experiment."

-- David Epstein, Range: Why Generalists Triumph in a Specialized World

The Color Inside by James Turrell. Photo by Sara Belknap.

Thursday, October 18, 2018

Rhythm

Lori Kennedy on the PBS show Sewing with Nancy demonstrates free motion machine quilting: "I'm not a fast sewer. But listening to your sewing machine can help you develop a good rhythm." (Photo: Nancy Zieman.)




Saturday, March 31, 2018

Disappearing acts


In the writing I like best, the writer disappears and the work seems to have written itself. This kind of disappearing act, ironically, requires the closest attention to language and form.

From Ongoingness: The End of a Diary by Sarah Manguso:
I often prefer writers' diaries to their work written intentionally for publication. It's as if I want the information without the obstacles of style or form. But of course all writing possesses style and form, and in good writing they aren't obstacles.
Another friend said, I want to write sentences that seem as if no one wrote them. The goal being the creation of a pure delivery system, without the distraction of a style.  The goal being a form no one notices, the creation of what seems like pure feeling, not of what seems like a vehicle for feeling. Language as pure experience, pure memory. I too wanted to achieve that impossible effect.

Friday, March 16, 2018

Read under good light.

From 1986 but still timely, this New York Times article by Elaine Louie: "Expert Advice on Selecting a Good Reading Lamp."
  • The older you get, the more light you need. When you're young you can read by low light or no light. At 60, you need around 100 watts.
  • Too much light is as bad as too little. Glare hurts your eyes.
  • Avoid high contrast. "What you want is a well-lit room where the reading area is illuminated by a generous, focused pool of light, and the surrounding area by comfortable ambient lighting."
  • Translucent shades are best for reading.
  • Three-way bulbs (50-100-150) are most comfortable and useful.
  • A reading lamp should be placed to the side and slightly behind the reader. It can go on either side. "But to avoid the shadow of your arm while writing and reading simultaneously, a right-handed person should place the lamp on the left."

Monday, January 29, 2018

Writing lessons from lawyers

Janet Reno, 1938 - 2016
"Use small, old words." -- Janet Reno

"Make time to think." -- Swain Wood

Thursday, November 16, 2017

Hopper

"If he were a better painter, he would, most likely, not be so superior an artist." -- Clement Greenberg

Automat, 1927

Tuesday, November 7, 2017

Courage!

What you have to say is more important than your inadequacy at saying it.
-- Peter Davison

Tuesday, May 2, 2017

Magic

You know that feeling we each have as a little kid that we have magic in us? For me it was a shy and hopeful feeling that was often supported by loved ones, and other times (sometimes for very long periods) was buffeted around by what could be a harsh world. But tonight for some reason, as I get messages from friends and strangers who are reading my stories, I have this funny feeling that I'm stepping into shoes that fit me, that my small stories have a place in the world, and that my little bit of magic, the little bit that we each have in us, is my writing, that it has always been my writing but I have finally taken the time and effort to do it with commitment. This is so corny, I know, but it’s a lovely feeling to come down where I ought to be (as the Quaker hymn puts it) and I can’t help wondering what everyone’s proper bit of magic is, and I want to urge everyone to find that thing you were meant to do and go ahead and do it. And if you’re wondering what it feels like: at the moment it feels like roots growing out of my feet, going way down deep into the earth.

-- N. West Moss, author of The Subway Stops at Bryant Parkat my little bit of magic, the little bit that we each have in us, is my writing, that it has always been my writing but I have finally taken the time and effort to do it with commitment. This is so corny, I know, but it's a lovely feeling to come down where I ought to be (as the quaker hymn puts it) and i can't help wondering what everyone's proper bit of magic is, and I want to urge everyone to find that one thing we were each meant to do, and then go ahead and do it. And if you're wondering what it feels like, at the moment it feels like roots growing out of my feet which are going way down deep in the earth.nd that my little bit of magic, the little bit that we each have in us, is my writing, that it has always been my writing but I have finally taken the time and effort to do it with commitment. This is so corny, I know, but it's a lovely feeling to come down where I ought to be (as the quaker hymn puts it) and i can't help wondering what everyone's proper bit of magic is, and I want to urge everyone to find that one thing we were each meant to do, and then go ahead and do it. And if you're wondering what it feels like, at the moment it feels like roots growing out of my feet which are going way down deep in the earth. pping into shoes that fit me, that my small stories have a place in the world, and that my little bit of magic, the little bit that we each have in us, is my writing, that it has always been my writing but I have finally taken the time and effort to do it with commitment. This is so corny, I know, but it's a lovely feeling to come down where I ought to be (as the quaker hymn puts it) and i can't help wondering what everyone's proper bit of magic is, and I want to urge everyone to find that one thing we were each meant to do, and then go ahead and do it. And if you're wondering what it feels like, at the moment it feels like roots growing out of my feet which are going way down deep in the earth.pping into shoes that fit me, that my small stories have a place in the world, and that my little bit of magic, the little bit that we each have in us, is my writing, that it has always been my writing but I have finally taken the time and effort to do it with commitment. This is so corny, I know, but it's a lovely feeling to come down where I ought to be (as the quaker hymn puts it) and i can't help wondering what everyone's proper bit of magic is, and I want to urge everyone to find that one thing we were each meant to do, and then go ahead and do it. And if you're wondering what it feels like, at the moment it feels like roots growing out of my feet which are going way down deep in the earth.

Wednesday, April 12, 2017

The Donkey at the Gates of the Kingdom of Heaven

a short story by David Rutschman

Once, a donkey ascended to the shining gates of the kingdom of heaven. The gates were open. The donkey heard music more beautiful than anything he had ever imagined. Each note was a star going supernova, a pack of wolves running down an elk over snow. The song poured itself into the world. The donkey stood transfixed. Without thinking, he opened his mouth and brayed.

Instantly the music stopped. There was total silence.

His bray had been off-key, awful. A donkey's sound.

Slowly the gates of the kingdom of heaven began to swing shut. The donkey didn't know what to do, whether he should advance or retreat. The light was blinding. He took one trembling step forward, then another. He couldn't see a thing.

The donkey brayed again, knowing it would not be beautiful. He was right; it wasn't beautiful. It was his same old donkey bray. He did it again and again. He couldn't tell if the gates were open now or closed, or even where they were exactly. He shut his eyes and thought about the entirety of his life. He remembered eating hay, carrying firewood.

He brayed again. He did. He let it rip. He kept his eyes closed and staggered forward, belting it out. Carrier of firewood, eater of hay. He took his whole life's only song and he employed it -- step after step into brightness, into terrible dazzling light.

---

David Rutschman is a Soto Zen priest and hospice grief counselor in California. This short story, from his forthcoming first collection, appears in the April 2017 issue of The Sun Magazine.

Sunday, November 6, 2016

The decisive moment

Photographer Henri Cartier-Bresson is known for capturing "the decisive moment." He told The Washington Post in 1957: "There is a creative fraction of a second when you are taking a picture. Your eye must see a composition or an expression that life itself offers you, and you must know with intuition when to click the camera. That is the moment the photographer is creative. Oop! The moment! Once you miss it, it is gone forever."


Wednesday, November 2, 2016

Minute particulars: the infinite possibility in a single moment

William Blake wrote that "he who wishes to see a Vision, a perfect Whole / Must see it in its Minute Particulars." The big, lasting things that happen in our lives – no matter how long we’ve waited or dreaded or hoped or worked – tend to happen in a moment. Moments are what we remember. The same is true in literature. A single charged moment can be almost infinitely resonant. In each of these stories, the action occurs within a small, contained unit of time no longer than it takes to receive a gift or fold laundry or shop for dinner. Yet whole lives are revealed.

No One’s a Mystery
by Elizabeth Tallent

For my eighteenth birthday Jack gave me a five-year diary with a latch and a little key, light as a dime. I was sitting beside him scratching at the lock, which didn’t seem to want to work, when he thought he saw his wife’s Cadillac in the distance, coming toward us. He pushed me down onto the dirty floor of the pickup and kept one hand on my head while I inhaled the musk of his cigarettes in the dashboard ashtray and sang along with Rosanne Cash on the tape deck. We’d been drinking tequila and the bottle was between his legs, resting up against his crotch, where the seam of his Levi’s was bleached linen-white, though the Levi’s were nearly new. I don’t know why his Levi’s always bleached like that, along the seams and at the knees. In a curve of cloth his zipper glinted, gold.
            “It’s her,” he said. “She keeps the lights on in the daytime. I can’t think of a single habit in a woman that irritates me more than that.” When he saw that I was going to stay still he took his hand from my head and ran it through his own dark hair.
            “Why does she?” I said.
            “She thinks it’s safer. Why does she need to be safer? She’s driving exactly fifty-five miles an hour. She believes in those signs: ‘Speed Monitored by Aircraft.’ It doesn’t matter that you can look up and see that the sky is empty.”
            “She’ll see your lips move, Jack. She’ll know you’re talking to someone.”
            “She’ll think I’m singing along with the radio.”
            He didn’t lift his hand, just raised the fingers in salute while the pressure of his palm steadied the wheel, and I heard the Cadillac honk twice, musically; he was driving easily eighty miles an hour. I studied his boots. The elk heads stitched into the leather were bearded with frayed thread, the toes were scuffed, and there was a compact wedge of muddy manure between the heel and the sole—the same boots he’d been wearing for the two years I’d known him. On the tape deck Rosanne Cash sang, “Nobody’s into me, no one’s a mystery.”
            “Do you think she’s getting famous because of who her daddy is or for herself?” Jack said.
            “There are about a hundred pop tops on the floor, did you know that? Some little kid could cut a bare foot on one of these, Jack.”
            “No little kids get into this truck except for you.”
            “How come you let it get so dirty?”
            “‘How come,’ he mocked. “You even sound like a kid. You can get back into the seat now, if you want. She’s not going to look over her shoulder and see you.”
            “How do you know?”
            “I just know,” he said. “Like I know I’m going to get meat loaf for supper. It’s in the air. Like I know what you’ll be writing in that diary.”
            “What will I be writing?” I knelt on my side of the seat and craned around to look at the butterfly of dust printed on my jeans. Outside the window Wyoming was dazzling in the heat. The wheat was fawn and yellow and parted smoothly by the thin dirt road. I could smell the water in the irrigation ditches hidden in the wheat.
            “Tonight you’ll write, ‘I love Jack. This is my birthday present from
him. I can’t imagine anybody loving anybody more than I love Jack.’”
            “I can’t.”
            “In a year you’ll write, ‘I wonder what I ever really saw in Jack. I wonder why I spent so many days just riding around in his pickup. It’s true he taught me something about sex. It’s true there wasn’t ever much else to do in Cheyenne.’”
            “I won’t write that.”
            “In two years you’ll write, ‘I wonder what that old guy’s name was, the one with the curly hair and the filthy dirty pickup truck and time on his hands.’”
            “I won’t write that.”
            “No?”
            “Tonight I’ll write, ‘I love Jack. This is my birthday present from him. I can’t imagine anybody loving anybody more than I love Jack.’”
            “No, you can’t,” he said. “You can’t imagine it.”
            “In a year I’ll write, ‘Jack should be home any minute now. The table’s set—my grandmother’s linen and her old silver and the yellow candles left over from the wedding—but I don’t know if I can wait until after the trout a la Navarra to make love to him.’”
            “It must have been a fast divorce.”
            “In two years I’ll write, ‘Jack should be home by now. Little Jack is   hungry for his supper. He said his first word today besides “Mama” and “Papa.” He said “kaka.”’”
            Jack laughed. “He was probably trying to finger-paint with kaka on the bathroom wall when you heard him say it.”
            “In three years I’ll write, ‘My nipples are a little sore from nursing Eliza Rosamund.’”
            “Rosamund. Every little girl should have a middle name she hates.”
            “‘Her breath smells like vanilla and her eyes are just Jack’s color of
blue.’”
            “That’s nice.” Jack said.
            “So, which one do you like?”
            “I like yours,” he said. “But I believe mine.”
            “It doesn’t matter. I believe mine.”
            “Not in your heart of hearts, you don’t.”
            “You’re wrong.”
            “I’m not wrong,” he said. “And her breath would smell like your milk, and it’s kind of a bittersweet smell, if you want to know the truth.”

Toasters
by Pamela Painter

The neighbors are at it again is what Joey says, just what his father would say if he were here. And just like his father, Joey shuts off all the lights, peels back the curtains over the sink, and settles in to watch the show.
            The kitchen table is piled high with hot, dry laundry. I can fold it in the dark so I sit here listening to Joey describe what is flying out the Angelos’ windows. So far it’s plates, clothes, poker chips, and a fishing rod.
            “Jesus, Mom, you’re missing it. Mr. Angelo threw out the toaster. Wait’ll Dad hears that.” His excited sneakers thump the stove as he turns to ask if I remember when Mrs. Angelo flattened a whole row of my tomato plants with a bowling ball.
            I tell him it’s way past bedtime but he just gets his nose closer to the window to identify the next object and assess the damage. They keep lists—Joey and his father. Things thrown, sound effects made, and grievances screamed to the heavens as if to bring down a pre-apocalyptic condemnation.
            Tonight it started with Mrs. Angelo’s mother’s weekend visits and moved on to Mr. Angelo’s unfinished basement projects and early exits from his weekly poker game to parts and/or parties unknown. It is the same game my Harry has been losing too much money in for years and getting worse. The threadbare towels I’m folding are thin as silk and fold as flat.
            “Wow,” Joey says as Mrs. Angelo yowls one of her favorite four-letter words and the names of two forgiving saints. On purpose, I’m mismatching Harry’s socks and thinking the exact same thing as Mrs. Angelo.
            “Mom,” Joey says, getting tire of the Angelos’ show. “Where’s Dad? Why isn’t he home?”
            Tonight I’ll have to tell him. Because me and Harry. We’re at it again too.
            The streetlight from Joey’s window glints on our toaster, plugged in and safe, and I think: me and Harry should take lessons from the Angelos. I admire the way they fight—everything flying out the windows and doors except the two of them.

Bouncing
by Keith Loren Carter

Standing at his kitchen sink, blinking away sleep, he hears his wife’s scream “Oh God!” followed by terrible thumping and crashing, which he knows as sure as he’s standing there in his boxers is his baby son bouncing down the stairs, just as he’s always feared, and he drops the coffee pot and runs to the foot of the staircase in time to catch the startled body as it tumbles off the last carpeted stair, a plastic toddler gate crashing behind and hitting—Thock!—the wall, leaving a big hole that could have easily been his son’s perfect head, but instead he’s holding that head in one hand, cradling the rest of his tense pooh-clad body, staring at the tiny face, contorted in a frozen, soundless scream of fear and wonder, smooth skin turning crimson, breath held for an eternity as he hears his wife’s “Please God” echo his own prayers along with his voiced pleading “Breathe, Lorne,” when the logjam breaks at last, tears flow and cries like someone is sticking him with a sewing needle erupt out of the suddenly heaving body, threatening to rupture his membranes, and then just as suddenly the cat strolls by, blissfully unconcerned with the drama before her, and the tortured expression of his son clears as sunny as a solstice morning, leaving only a mother and a father, their lives no longer their own.

The Fish Tank
by Lydia Davis (from Almost No Memory, 1997)

I stare at four fish in a tank in the supermarket. They are swimming in parallel formation against a small current created by a jet of water, and they are opening and closing their mouths and staring off into the distance with the one eye, each, that I can see. As I watch them through the glass, thinking how fresh they would be to eat, still alive now, and calculating whether I might buy one to cook for dinner, I also see, as though behind or through them, a larger, shadowy form darkening their tank, what there is of me on the glass, their predator.

The Fish
by Lydia Davis (from Break It Down, 1986)

She stands over a fish, thinking about certain irrevocable mistakes she has made today. Now the fish has been cooked, and she is alone with it. The fish is for her—there is no one else in the house. But she has had a troubling day. How can she eat this fish, cooling on a slab of marble? And yet the fish, too, motionless as it is, and dismantled from its bones, and fleeced of its silver skin, has never been so completely alone as it is now, violated in a final manner and regarded with a weary eye by this woman who has made the latest mistake of her day and done this to it.